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The Webmaster's Lexicon: S

Script A generally short program written in an interpreted language such as Perl or Java. Scripts usually provide simple instructions for data and browser management.
Scripting Static HTML pages can be supplemented with server or client-side programming, or 'scripting' as it is often known. Currently the main languages for this are Perl, Java, and JavaScript, sometimes used in combination with CGI.
Search

Submitting a word or phrase to a web catalog or engine and receiving a series of URLs containing the word or phrase. Search engines have become an imporant method of locating data on the web.
Select A form tag that allows the user to choose from a fixed set of values; one or several at once. This is typically presented as a pull-down menu; the default displayed item is the one marked Selected if there is one, otherwise the first. The SELECT tag has OPTIONs in between the initiating <SELECT> tag and the terminating </SELECT> tag.
Security Software, utilities and hardware which prevent data and applications from being inappropriately accessed or destroyed.
Server A computer and software that maintains information and applications accessed by distributed users. A program running on an Internet site that makes the web pages at that site available to browsers throughout the Internet.
Server-side imagemaps A graphic with sub-areas that are linked to different URLs. The MAP that relates parts of the image to different URLs is stored on the server.
Server Side Includes (SSI) A comment block that when added to an html file directs the server to generate dynamic data on a webpage. For example, SSI may be used to generate time, document location or date the file was last updated, to name a few.
SGML Standard Generalised Markup Language. A simple coding language using hard-coded tags to represent markup. An SGML document is a sequence of characters organized physically as a set of entities and logically into a hierarchy of elements. An SGML document consists of data characters and markup; the markup describes the structure of the information and an instance of that structure.
Shockwave /Multimedia/Shockwave/ A technology developed by Macromedia, Inc, that allows the user to view Web pages with multimedia objects, such as audio, animation, video, and processes user actions such as mouse clicks.
Software Computer programs, e.g. browsers, servers, plug-ins.
Sound

Digitizing voices, music, et.c. so they can be played by a computer. Popular sound file formats include AU, WAV, SND, MPEG, MIDI, AIFF.
SQL Structured Query Language. A high-level language used to access and build applications for relational databases.
Start-tag Descriptive markup that identifies the start of an element and specifies its generic identifier and attributes. SGML
State Information that needs to flow from one transaction to the next one for that user, e.g. the list of items selected so far.
Streaming The simultaneous download and display of a video or audio file.
Style Conventions and guidelines followed with the intention of optimising the user's web experience. Distinctive appearance of a web site, setting it apart from others. Cascading style sheets (CSS) separate syle from content.
Submit A form input attribute that transfers data from a form to a script or mailto action.



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